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This volume is a series of papers summarizing the results of the Experimental Watershed Liming Study (EWLS). The EWLS was initiated in 1989 to investigate the application of calcium carbonate (limestone) to upland and wetland forests as a strategy to mitigate the acidity of lakewater and improve fisheries. Woods Lake, in the Adirondack region of New York, U.S.A., is the site of long-term studies of surface water acidification. This whole-ecosystem manipulation was designed to be a comprehensive evaluation of the chemical and biological response of uplands, wetlands and surface waters to calcium carbonate treatment

The average temperature ranges from 27 to 38 degree Celsius and the average rainfall of Satara district including this area is about 337 mm. The hilly terrain is the main feature of this village. This area is in region which is in draught condition for most of the years in last decade. This village is facing acute water scarcity problem every year. To overcome these problems related to water Central Government had started a programme of watershed management viz. https://journalnx.com/journal-article/20150704

The Reynolds Creek Experimental Watershed (RCEW) was established in 1960 as an "outdoor hydrological laboratory" to investigate hydrological processes of interest in the interior northwestern part of the United States. Initial emphasis was on installing and testing instrumentation and data collection and dissemination. The initial instrumentation network sampled the climatic gradient within the 239-km(2) watershed and focused on specific subwatersheds for intensive instrumentation. This network has expanded and supported ad hoc research and provides a stable platform for the development of long-term programs supporting research and model development in snow hydrology, climate change, water and energy balance, land management, carbon cycling, and critical zone hydrology. Recently, the challenge taken up at the RCEW is to integrate different processes over space for applications to larger areas outside the watershed. The presence of steep local environmental gradients associated with topography in addition to more gradual, elevational gradients requires high-resolution modeling. The snow hydrology program has demonstrated the potential for high-resolution, process-based modeling across large landscapes. The direct linkage of biogeochemical processes with hydrological processes ultimately requires a multidisciplinary approach that has been adopted at the RCEW since inclusion in the Critical Zone Observatory program. We think that coupling of these processes will lead to a better understanding and management of natural resources on the landscape. ; NSF RC CZO [EAR 1331872] ; This work was partially funded by NSF RC CZO Cooperative Agreement no. EAR 1331872. ; Public domain authored by a U.S. government employee

Naikbomwadi is a small village in PhaltanTaluka of Satara District of Maharashtra state (India). It is located at a distance of 14 kms from Phaltan. Coordinates are Latitude17°56´5" N, Longitude 74°32´33"E. The average temperature ranges from 27 to 38 degree Celsius and the average rainfall of Satara district including this area is about 337 mm. The hilly terrain is the main feature of this village. This area is in region which is in draught condition for most of the years in last decade. This village is facing acute water scarcity problem every year. To overcome these problems related to water Central Government had started a programme of watershed management viz. Integrated Watershed management Programme (IWMP). This study is an overview of various techniques like farm ponds, check dams, vanraibandharas, etc. which are suggested to overcome the problems related with reducing runoff amount after implementation of IWMP. . In the Naikbomwadi watershed area, demand of water for agriculture and drinking purpose is increasing rapidly depleting water resources coupled with overpopulation. Efforts are made to divert large amount of rainwater to recharge ground water resources.

Abstract Environmental Protection Areas are legal provisions aiming at the preservation of natural resources through the maintenance of the ecosystem functions. This study aimed to characterize the changes on the land-use between 2002 and 2011, verify the implementation of these legal provisions on the Bebedouro Stream Watershed (Frutal, Minas Gerais), analyze the implications of changes in environmental laws and indicate management options for water resource conservation. For this work the following procedures were performed: land-use mapping of the watershed; investigation on the occupation of the Frutal region; survey of records about the rural properties and Environmental Protection Areas registered. The comparative study of the Bebedouro Stream watershed showed the replacement of large pasture areas by sugarcane plantation; insufficient area of legal provision for biodiversity conservation and increase in the riparian forest during the period studied. Concluding remarks suggest management options for the water uses of the analyzed watershed.

Walks, mappings, and interviews show that the activities in younger industrial zones in Denmark are much more complex than the mono-functional enclaves planned. The areas represent a legacy of the functionalistic paradigm, which creates the morphology of the urban landscape built from the 1950's onwards but is not considered a part of the cultural aesthetic understanding of the city. The current transformation is rooted in social, political and economic dynamics, difficult to predict, often shaped on a global level, yet with a strong local impact. The mappings are inspired by the five objectives developed by Tom Nielsen, Thomas Clemmensen, and Morten Daugaard in the article: Qualifying urban Landscapes (2010): Appropriation, cohabitation, diversity, connectivity, and porosity. They are conducted in three different urban situations and reveal the areas different qualities and a diversity of people, activities, biodiversity and local entrepreneurship that may not be seen at first glance and would be difficult to find space for elsewhere. The idea is that portraying the actual situation of the areas and qualities are a crucial asset in this transformation process. It also focuses on dynamics between the actors (human and non-human) and the possibility of creating collaborations between the actors with a focus on future urban common qualities. This can be a way to address uncertainty and open the opportunity of the areas to become an important asset in the future biodiversity, experiences of nature and economies of towns, the labor market, innovation, and civilian diversity. The poster develops a deeper understanding of one of the preliminary findings. The one that these areas seem to give spaces for new kinds of urban entrepreneurship and experiments. Awareness of this capacity addresses the question of how to plan for these areas in the future. The finding is learned through three case studies in different urban situations. They are discovered through site-walks, mappings, and interviews. These data show that the area's activities are much more complex than just traditional production. The registered activities are diverse and include e.g. dance projects, karate clubs, senior communities, yoga and massage, a used good marked, a fitness center and a local brewery. This kind of change of industrial areas from being areas of production to new kinds of neighborhoods is seen before. Often the changes are initiated by artists, and later the area goes through gentrification establishing it as a new stable area in the city. But unlike these former examples, the younger industrial areas have something else is at stake. It is not attracting artists or the creative class, but rather a wide range of local entrepreneurs with broad background and profile. Also, instead of being appreciated, these initiatives are often regarded by the planning authorities as mistakes and need dispensations from the regulations as the areas are designated for more traditional production. However, taking this position might miss that these areas have already changed and that they could be seen as a free zone for experiments for local citizens and entrepreneurs with everyday dreams. It is therefore not just relevant to create a portrait of the current actual situation, but also to discuss the conflicts between the qualities of the existent and the possibilities of the new. The arguments take the point of departure in Michel Foucault's notion of heterotopia and the notion of porosity developed by Paola Vigano and is supported with tests of different design strategies.

Pamphlet describing federal assistance for the development of watershed recreational areas.